The first theory is the cognitive theory. Symptoms of Chronic Intracranial Pressure, Health and Wellbeing Patient Information Resources. Fragile X syndrome is a genetic condition that causes a range of developmental problems including learning disabilities and cognitive impairment. This site uses cookies to store information on your computer. There are other causes of learning disabilities, but genetics seems to be the most talked about cause. Around 30% more boys than girls have learning disabilities.1,3,4,5,6,7. The two most common genetic causes of intellectual disabilities are Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome. Method. Health News - Rounding up all the latest news within NHSGGC. Children may not necessarily have the same disability as their parents, but may inherit a similar disability. Aims. Sometimes the specific cause is not known. Down syndrome is the single most common genetic cause of learning disabilities. All Rights Reserved. Individual differences in these cognitive composites within the reading-disabled twin sample were found to be due to genetic differences. Furthermore, deficits in … Some known causes include chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, and single-gene disorders, such as fragile X syndrome. A learning disability may occur on its own or alongside sensory or physical conditions or medical conditions like epilepsy. Abnormalities in genes and genetic inheritance can cause intellectual disability in children. However, for many children the causes of their learning disability What's your experience of using our hospitals and services? Learning disabilities are due to genetic and/or neurobiological factors that alter brain functioning in a manner which affects one or more cognitive processes related to learning. Problems during the mother’s pregnancy. But many people will never be sure of the cause of their learning disability. For example, a parent may have dyslexia, and the child may have a visual processing difficulty. Possible causes include the following: An inherited condition, meaning that certain genes passed from the parents affected the brain development, for example Fragile X. Sometimes, diseases, illnesses, and over-exposure to x-rays can cause a genetic disorder. • Down syndrome and dementia and hypothyroidism For everyday healthy living advice and services information. Heredity: It is observed that a child, whose parents have had a learning disability, is likely to develop the same disorder. Exact causes of learning Disabilities are not known but some factors are linked with Learning Disorder. Learning disabilities may be inherited by children, just like genetic disorders. Examples of such accidents are development of an extra chromosome 18 (trisomy 18) and Down syndrome, which is the most common genetic cause. Heredity – It seems Learning disabilities has strong genetic connection and often run in the families. Help shape your hospital and community services. Genetics Of Learning Disabilities The genetics of learning disabilities became of an area of significant interest beginning in the 1990s. There is no single piece of evidence that points to learning disabilities being caused by heredity, but the research suggests that it is a main factor in learning disabilities in children. • Prader-Willi syndrome and affective psychosis For some children (for example, children with Down Syndrome Or Autism Spectrum Disorders), there is a genetic basis for their learning disability. Autism and Asperger's syndrome. This theory states that all people start off with a blank slate and learn from their environment. The latter can include effects such as pollution or lifestyle effects such as smoking, drug use and diet. What to expect, treatment, care, travel, rights and responsibilities. This short video highlights what is known about the causes of learning disabilities. These processing problems can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing and/or math. In the USA, Down Syndrome is the most common genetic condition, and about 6,000 babies with Down Syndrome are born each year. Learn from a list of genetic diseases that are caused by abnormalities in an individual's genome. What Causes LDs? Press Office, latest news and media resources. Environmental / Life Events There may possibly be a genetic link that causes people in families to have learning disabilities. Fragile X syndrome. • Congenital rubella and sensory impairments Find out all you need to know! Tell us your experience of our services, have your say, and more. One person with learning disabilities may not have the same kind of learning problems as another person with learning disabilities. Researchers working on this project are Vygotsky’s theory of social development states that learning develops from the interaction with people and the interaction within the mind of the person. Along those same lines, a genetic diagnosis may provide the ability to anticipate associated comorbidities and other affected organ systems that have not yet been recognized. A significant proportion of children with learning disability will have an underlying genetic cause. Mostly, learning disabilities occur because there is an enormous range of variation that occurs normally in people’s cognitive strengths and weaknesses. In years of teaching I have learned at IEP meetings that students’ parents also had similar problems when they were in school. Vacancies, career advice, job packs, Modern Apprenticeships and more. Search/View all of our locations and facilities. Usually, males are more severely affected by this disorder than females. Learning disabilities result from general problems in the brain rather than specific genetic or neurological defects, the British Association Festival of Science in Salford was told on Tuesday. It needs to be noted that not all learning disabilities get passed on to children. Learning disabilities can be caused by any one of a variety of factors, or by a combination. Genetic defects that cause intellectual disability, but are not inherited, can be caused by accidents or mutations in genetic development. Medical reasons. Down syndrome is the single most common genetic cause of learning disabilities. Information and guidance for public, NHSGGC staff, and community-based services. In their quest to uncover a cause, researchers have identified several possibilities. Based on this theory, if children have parents with learning disabilities, then they will essentially inherit the disability as well, they will essentially “learn” the disability. Poor brain development causes learning disabilities in 2% to 3% of the population, but the problem is more prevalent in males. Numerous factors cause learning disabilities, and each of them affects different areas or centers of the brain. Another theory of learning that could be applied to the fact that learning disabilities are hereditary is the behavioral learning theory. Some of the possible causes of learning disabilities include: Individual differences in the brain. This theory also states that processes for thinking, memory, problem solving, and knowing are all affected by the brain’s processor. Much like a line of dominoes, one learning disability can affect another aspect of learning or academic development. Most disorders associated with learning disability have at least a genetic component influencing their expression; in many disorders, disturbances of genetic mechanisms play a pivotal role. No one really knows what causes a learning disability. Genetic testing is available for some genetic diseases. • Tuberous sclerosis and epilepsy. Why is this? Dynamic mutations, imprinting mechanisms and gene-dosage effects are explained with reference to genetic disorders that lead to learning disability. This theory states that the mind is like a computer. Advice and guidance on Freedom of Information. There is an underlying genetic cause in a significant proportion of children with a LD. The following theories have been researched on www.learning-theories.com. Copyright © 2020 Bright Hub Education. What is a genetic disease or disorder? The information required for the development of these characteristics exists in the form of genes that are passed from parents to offspring during the process of cell division. The genetics of reading disability, communication disorders, and mental retardation are reviewed. Down syndrome (or Down's syndrome in the UK) Down syndrome. The study was to investigate the external causes of learning disabilities in basic skills of students at primary level. • Down syndrome and dementia and hypothyroidism. Learning disabilities are due to genetic, other congenital and/or acquired neuro-biological factors. Learning disability (LD) is a serious lifelong condition and a common reason for diagnostic assessment by paediatricians. In this article, we'll focus on a handful of causes of learning disabilities and briefly define them to give parents, teachers, and family members a greater understanding of how broad the realm of a learning disability really is. • Tuberous sclerosis and epilepsy This can be caused by things such as: the mother becoming ill in pregnancy problems during the birth that stop enough oxygen getting to the brain the unborn baby inheriting certain genes from its parents that make having a learning disability more likely – known as inherited learning disability Global developmental delay. Common causes of developmental disabilities include genetic or chromosomal abnormalities, substance exposure, preterm birth, low birth weight and specific infectious diseases.21Environmental toxicants have the ability to play a role in each of these causal mechanisms. Using this theory, learning disabilities would be genetic because the person’s mind had developed through others. 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Information for patients and service users, and support for staff. If a child has a parent with a learning disability, then they are essentially “taught” that disability because that is all their parents know. Learning Disabilities (LDs) are very common and affect 5 to 10 percent of Canadians. • Peri-natal trauma and impaired mobility. Affected individuals usually have delayed development of speech and language by age 2. The Most Common Diseases. https://www.brighthubeducation.com/special-ed-learning-disorders/40368-about-dyseidetic-dyslexia/, https://www.brighthub.com/education/special/articles/31673.aspx, https://www.brighthub.com/education/special/articles/48302.aspx, How to Use Leveled Readers in the Classroom: Teaching Tips for Reading Teachers, Using Mind Mapping in Teaching to Improve Student's Retention: Great for your Primary School Classroom. Learning disabilities may be inherited by children, just like genetic disorders. Genetics (heredity) Environmental factors. The skills most often affected are: reading, writing, listening, speaking, reasoning, and ; doing math. Language and communication disorders also show substantial genetic influence, as does general cognitive ability (intelligence), which plays a role in most cognitive disabilities. However, LDs vary greatly in form and intensity: No two LDs are the same. Let’s take a look at how genetic factors of specific learning disabilities can be passed on to children. Often, learning problems can run in families (genetic), but environmental factors can play a role too. Genetically, they received a malfunctioning processor from their parents, who also have a processor that does not function properly. Let’s take a look at how genetic factors of specific learning disabilities can be passed on to children. Hospital visiting restrictions now in place. Genetic causes of learning disabilities Many of our physical features (phenotype) originate from our genetic make up (genotypes). There are probably hundreds of different causes of intellectual disabilities. In looking at these different theories, some of them do suggest that learning disabilities can be caused by heredity. Learning disabilities are caused by heredity, problems during pregnancy/childbirth, or problems after childbirth. Illness during and after birth: An illness or injury during or after birth may cause learning disabilities. inherited genetic learning disability; genetic mutations, or chromosomal abnormalities taking place at or around the point of conception; illness, either in the mother during pregnancy, or in the child during early years. They often run in families. Health protection, screening, services, improvement and more. https://action.org.uk/research/learning-disability-finding-genes-improving-lives There are other learning theories, but the three that I mentioned are the most relevant to heredity and learning disabilities. Our list and descriptions of the causes of the most common learnin… Board Members, meetings and reports and finances. Learning disabilities (LD) vary from person to person. Reading disabilities run in families and this familiarity may be due in part to genetic influences and in part to environment. Have you ever worked with a student and wondered if their disability runs in their family? There are many different theories of learning. The genetic aetiology of learning disability is broad and includes chromosomal abnormalities, copy number variants, single gene, mitochondrial and imprinting disorders. Identifying an underlying genetic cause may give a better indication of prognosis as well as recurrence risk for the patient and family. The causes of genetic abnormalities can be separated into two classes: inherited defects and defects causes by environmental and behavioral influences. Many intellectual disabilities (ID, formerly mental retardation) are caused by genetic abnormalities. There are thousands of different causes of learning disabilities. For everyday ailments, minor injuries or serious emergencies. Challenging behaviour. Williams syndrome. In using this theory, cognitive theorists would state that those with learning disabilities have malfunctioning processor. A parent may have a learning disability and their child may not. There are four main types of genetic inheritance, single, multifactorial, chromosome abnormalities, and mitochondrial inheritance. ‘Diagnosing’ a learning disability. These effects can accumulate as an organism ages. In women, a faulty gene on one X … Learning-disabilities.org suggests that a subtle brain dysfunction may actually be what is inherited which in turn causes the learning disability. A review of recent important studies in … Causes of Learning Disabilities and Dyslexia - Genetic and Biological Abstract: Learning disabilities and dyslexia are related to biological and genetic differences. 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