Raina Weinberg started this petition to Governor Larry Hogan and 10 others. Artillery. [lv]  In this case, Mayer’s sketches would likely have been based on his knowledge of the Great Seal, which had been corrected just a few years earlier, and his own artistic license. Ed Papenfuse, the former Maryland state archivist, believes it’s a mistake passed down through the years before the documentation of the Mynne family crest at George Calvert’s wife’s tomb. ), Figure 3 (Reverse side of the Great Seal of 1648), Figure 4 (reverse side of the Great Seal adopted in 1854), Figure 5 (Regimental flag of the First Maryland, C.S.A., known as the “Bucktail” Flag. Access to the original would be necessary to confirm this. “You can’t predict which way the river of history will turn, or where the rapids will appear,” Brown continues. Though not pervasive, these flags are available to the public through retailers on the internet). In retrospect, the confluence of these two images on the Maryland flag, namely, the red and white cross bottony, takes on an unmistakable meaning. [iii] William Hand Browne, George Calvert and Cecilius Calvert (The University of Virginia: Dodd, Mead, 1890) https://books.google.com/books?id=Nf4MAAAAYAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s 3-13. Flag of the Confederate States of America, banner consisting of seven white stars on a blue canton with a field of alternating red and white stripes. [xli]  In addition, the Fourth Maryland Artillery of the Maryland Line (also known as the Chesapeake Artillery) also used a red cross bottany guidon with a white field that was edged in red (Figure 10). 4 (December 1933): 287-289, http://www.mdhs.org/. [xlv] Pictures of Insignia and Coat of Arms comes from “175th Infantry Regiment,” Military Department Maryland National Guard, accessed February 7, 2018, http://military.maryland.gov/NG/Pages/175th-Inf-Reg.aspx. [xlv], Throughout its existence during the 19th century and beyond, the Fifth prided itself on being the best maintained and disciplined militia of Maryland and one of the best in the entire country. [xxi] Richard Cox, The Civil War in Maryland: Stories from the Old Line State (Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, 2008) https://books.google.com/books?id=63NDCgAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s. Vol. From time to time, the red and white colors and cross bottony are still flown by neo-Confederates. 4 (December 1960): 264-265  http://www.mdhs.org/. “It is important to dismantle the symbols of racism, but that is not the end goal. Whereas the design of the Great Seal during Maryland’s provincial period under Calvert rule is incontrovertible, the design of the Maryland flag at that time is not. [xlii]  There can be little doubt that the cross bottony on these flags is an homage to the Crosland arms of Maryland. For more examples of red and white worn in Maryland during the War Between the States, see “The Seizure of Contraband Goods in Maryland,” Baltimore Sun (Baltimore, Maryland), August 23, 1861, https://www.newspapers.com/image/371578825/ and “Maryland Legislature, House of Delegates,” Baltimore Sun (Baltimore, Maryland), January 29, 1862 https://www.newspapers.com/image/372168982/. In December 1885, Hall gave an address concerning the history of the Great Seal to the Maryland Historical Society. The flag of the Union Army of Maryland. Moreover, while Maryland Confederates may not have worn red and white for the exact same reason, they did wear those colors as a universal symbol of loyalty to the Confederacy. At the beginning of the War Between the States, the vast majority of the Fifth regiment’s soldiers, as well as the Fifty-Third regiment’s (Maryland’s other preeminent military unit), supported the Confederacy and helped fill the ranks of the First Maryland Infantry. Pins in the cross bottony shape were worn on uniforms, and the headquarters flag of the Maryland-born Confederate general Bradley T. Johnson was a red … The short answer to the question, “Does part of the Maryland state flag have ties to the Confederate cause?” is easy. [xxx] “The Color-Phobia,” The Daily Exchange (Baltimore, Maryland), September 12, 1861, https://www.newspapers.com/image/325557671/. The hand-stitched silk flag with gold painted stars was borne by the Fifth Company of the Washington Artillery of New Orleans through the Battles of Shiloh and Perryville. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. © Copyright 2012 - 2021 Abbeville Institute. He graduated from Oxford in 1597 with a bachelor’s degree and, afterward, received a master’s degree in 1605 or 1606. This is simply the Rainbow Flag with the Maryland State Flag in the canton, which I saw again in nylon, in 2x3' and 3x5' (91 cm x 155 cm). Participating at this event were the Fifth Regiment and other units of the First Brigade of the Maryland militia. [viii] The picture of the map is from Maryland State Archives, accessed January 15, 2018, http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/images/fig08.jpg. Vol. Only later was it co-opted by Confederate soldiers, according to a vexillologist. After Generals P.G.T. Description of the Flags. The Cincinnati Inquirer reported a wedding in France in 1862, where southern women attending a wedding were prevented from adorning “themselves with the red, white and red of rebellion.”[xxxii]  One last newspaper example comes from The Richmond Enquirer in 1863, where a New York Herald correspondent in Union occupied New Orleans was quoted as saying: I saw more evidence yesterday in the streets of this city of the true state of feeling in this community than ever before since I have resided here. “It is a moving tribute from George Calvert to his wife,” says Henry Miller, a historical archaeologist and director of research for St. Mary’s City. The first official national flag of the Confederacy, often called the Stars and Bars, flew from March 4, 1861, to May 1, 1863. Maryland Rainbow flag. Photograph by Filip Bjorkman/Shutterstock The national conversation about the Confederate battle flag focused, in part, on states whose flags evoke its stars and bars or, in the case of Mississippi, incorporate it outright. The seal that was adopted in 1794 had a female figure representing justice on the obverse, and it had tobacco, wheat, and a ship on the reverse. That flag has long been used to represent southern heritage, according to the Anti-Defamation League, but is sometimes also used as a symbol of racism and white supremacy. First and second-class cadets from The Citadel, trained in artillery, fired a shot across the bow of the ship to prevent it from reaching the fort. Instead, it reflected a deep sense of their solidarity with, and their loyalty to, the Confederate States of America. In 1983, a version of the flag was put onto state license plates. HANCOCK — The mayor of Hancock is facing a criminal charge accusing him of painting over two images of the Confederate battle flag on a wall outside the Town Tavern. Throughout nearly every decade in Maryland’s storied past, whether on the Great Seal or seemingly countless numbers of flags, the quartered Calvert and Crosland coat of arms have borne witness to innumerable events, both noble and tragic. Adrienne Jones, announced on Tuesday that state legislators are intending to pass a bill repealing the state song due to its “Confederate-sympathizing language”, according to the Associated Press.. https://books.google.com/books?id=Nf4MAAAAYAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=miun.ahe1867.0001.001;view=1up;seq=214, https://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.21595/?sp=1&st=slideshow, http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/images/fig08.jpg, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/ma01.asp, https://books.google.com/books?id=PltKAAAAYAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s, http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/symbols/seal.html, http://sos.maryland.gov/Pages/Services/Flag-History.aspx, http://www.2ndmarylandcod.com/MEMBERSHIP/COMPANY-D/resource-center/library/confederate-military-histor.pdf, http://aomol.msa.maryland.gov/000001/000117/pdf/am117p–5.pdf, https://books.google.com/books?id=63NDCgAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s, https://www.washingtonian.com/2015/08/19/marylands-flag-confederate-symbol-crossland-banner-calvert-family/, http://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5300/sc5339/000052/000000/000004/restricted/govpub/i/005423/html/34139-0006.html, https://books.google.com/books?id=I89eYqTFJ6kC&source=gbs_navlinks_s, http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/hicks/html/case6.html, http://www.citadel.edu/root/star-ofthe-west-152, http://www.citizenscompanion.com/a-blood-red-field-the-colors-of-the-confederacy/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/119297118/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/251051214/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/325557671/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/371578825/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/372168982/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/168223143/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/32011861/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/339037141/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/85645856/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/27271632/, https://books.google.com/books?id=TBYTAAAAYAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s, https://www.newspapers.com/image/202111640/, https://www.newspapers.com/image/53886942/, http://www.historynet.com/rare-artifacts-from-confederate-maryland-soldiers.htm, http://gettysburg.stonesentinels.com/confederate-monuments/confederate-unit-monuments/2nd-maryland/, http://moconfederacy.pastperfectonline.com/webobject/6C3B5994-EBA9-4343-A65D-794067510931, https://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/10565857_135-rare-confederate-artillery-guidon-4th-maryland-li, http://military.maryland.gov/NG/Pages/175th-Inf-Reg.aspx, http://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5300/sc5339/000052/000000/000001/restricted/speccol/sc5300/sc5390/000001/000000/000001/html/00066-0001.html, https://ia802607.us.archive.org/8/items/1730memorialvolu00balt/1730memorialvolu00balt_bw.pdf. The significance of red and white, however, while seemingly derived from the Crosland colors, is not necessarily clear. The Maryland Legislature flipped them to their present positions in 1904. See also Bibbins 289-290. Yet, it was the Fifth Regiment and its Veteran Corps, reorganized and founded, respectively, by former Confederate soldiers, which first adopted and popularized the flag. [xlvii] Brewer, 159-166. There’s a store in Hampden, Baltimore in a Box, whose entire brick rowhouse exterior has been painted to replicate the flag. Brown doesn’t believe there will be widespread demand to change the flag unless people on one side start using the red and white banner at their rallies, in the same way the Confederate flag is used. The Founding Fathers Guide to the Constitution. The flag was designed and made for the army after the first battle of Manassas as a military necessity and wholly without the authority or even the knowledge of the Confederate government. DeRosa reveals Lee’s awareness that the victory of the Union over the Confederacy placed America on the path towards the demise of government based upon the consent of the governed, the rule of law, and the Judeo-Christian American civilization. He was wounded several times fighting from the very beginning to the end, in 71 battles. It does not replace the history … [xlviii], Considering the Fifth’s rich history steeped in the Confederacy, it was fitting that its regimental flag for the first two decades following its reorganization was a flag which was a gift from “the Ladies of Baltimore” in 1868   It was the Ladies of Baltimore who had designed and sewn the “Bucktail” flag in 1861 and had gifted it to the First Maryland. First, this completely contradicts the words, already cited, of Bradley Johnson, who proudly stated that citizens flew the black and gold banners throughout the city, in April 1861, as a sign of resistance against what they saw as the inevitable invasion of a federal army from the North. Two years after Appomattox, on May 10, 1867, one of Maryland’s most distinguished militia regiments from before the war, the Fifth, was officially reorganized. See also “Heamans’ Narrative,” Maryland Historical Magazine, 4, no. For a black and white photo of this cross and many others, see Dan Hartzler, A Band of Brothers (1992), 203-209. ), Figure 7 (Silver bottony cross, belonging to Private Gresham Hough of Company H, First Maryland Infantry, who later transferred to Colonel John Mosby’s Rangers, 43rd Virginia Cavalry, Company D), Figure 8 (Second Maryland Infantry, C.S.A, monument at Gettysburg), Figure 9 (Headquarters flag of Bradley T. Johnson, Maryland Line), Figure 10 (Guidon of the Fourth Maryland Artillery, Maryland Line), Figure 11 (Insignia of the 175th Regiment (Fifth Regiment)), Figure 12 (Coat of Arms of the 175th Regiment (Fifth Regiment)), Figure 13 (Picture of the Crosland Flag (Banner) flying outside the author’s home. Nonetheless, the scant record which does exist, such as Heaman’s Narrative and other primary sources of the colonial period, points to the use of a flag which was black and gold (no mention of red and white), the colors of the Calvert family only. [vi] Sir William Dugdale and Robert Davies, The Visitation of the County Yorke (Durham: 1859) https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=miun.ahe1867.0001.001;view=1up;seq=214 188. See also Manakee and Whiteford, 26. Stick flag versions are also available as well as rebel flag car flags. A rather busy flag, but at least nominally heraldically correct. So it may have just been a logical response by Confederates to co-opt the other half of the founding family of Maryland’s coat of arms. [xxiii] Lieutenant General Milton A. Reckord, Guidebook and Descriptive Manual of Battle Flags in the Flag Room of the State House at Annapolis, MD (January 1965) http://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5300/sc5339/000052/000000/000004/restricted/govpub/i/005423/html/34139-0006.html 7-21. Ultimately, any further clarity on the causes as to why Maryland Confederate soldiers chose the cross bottony over the paly of six needs additional research, that is, if any demonstrative evidence exists. In Search of the City on a Hill: The Making and Unmaking of an American Myth. What is certain is that George’s mother died while he was still a child, and his father married a Grace Crosland of Crosland Hill soon thereafter, who was possibly the niece or cousin of Alicia. By Ginger Macomber, MarylandReporter. The first known instance of this quartering was done on a map of Maryland in 1635 from A Relation of Maryland, a pamphlet published with Cecil’s authority in 1635 (Figure 1). A Baltimore Photographer Once Captured John Lennon and Yoko Ono at The Dakota: Hampden Woman Searches for Beloved ‘Bawlmer’ Vanity License Plate. The Union Army of Maryland flew this flag, which is the heraldic banner of George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore. Mississippi adopted a magnolia symbol as it replaced the last state flag in the U.S. with the Confederate battle emblem. Francis L. Hawkes (New York: J. Sabin, 1865) https://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.21595/?sp=1&st=slideshow. On August 10, 1877, the Fifth was publicly commended by Governor John Lee for their performance in the riots, increasing the prestige of the unit. 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